Chapter 2 Types pharmaceutical
Manufactures. Chemist's manufacture. Industrial production
Medical products.
Chemist's manufacture.
The basic supplier of medical products to the population is
A chemist's network. A drugstore - establishment of public health services, on which
The following primary goals are assigned:
Rendering to the population of the high-quality and trouble-free help by
Manufacturing and holiday of medical products under recipes;
Holiday to the population of the medical products resolved to sale
Without the recipe:
Maintenance the physician. And others izdel. lech.-profil. uchrezhden.:
Preparation of medicinal vegetative raw material:
Rendering in necessary cases of urgent first aid
To citizens.
Drugstores of 2 types function:
à) open which serves as separate persons, and
Medical establishments:
á) close - drugstores at medical establishments
("hospital" drugstores) - carries out only industrial
Functions, being engaged in manufacturing of medical products only
For the patients who are taking place on treatment in hospitals.
Usually in drugstores there are 3 branches: 1)
Retsepturno-industrial; 2) manual sale; and
3) stocks.
Into duties of retsepturno-industrial branch enter
Reception of recipes from the population and requirements from
Treatment-and-prophylactic establishments, manufacturing and holiday on
It of medical products. In branch of manual sale
Holiday of ready medical products is made,
Resolved to sale without recipes.
The branch of stocks makes reception and storage of medicines, etc.
Medical products, releases their separate drugstores and supplied
Them treatment-and-prophylactic establishments, chemist's items, trays
And boothes.
The drugstore should be arranged and equipped so that in her
Were guaranteed: correct manufacturing and holiday medicinal
Preparations, a condition for high efficiency of work
Chemist's workers, observance necessary
Sanitary-and-hygienic norms in a premise, correct storage
Medical products.
Industrial production of medical products.
A source of the majority of the medical products acting in
A drugstore, the medical industry is. Distinguish the following
Independent branches of the medical industry:
Himiko-pharmaceutical, galenofarmatsevticheskaja and the industry
a/b, organopreparatov and vitamins. To himiko-pharmaceutical
The industries concern manufacture of synthetic substances and
Active pharmacological substances, allocation in the pure state from
Natural raw material. To galenovofarmats. The industries concern
Manufacture galenovyh and novogalenovyh preparations, and also
Various ready medical products.
Manufacture a/b and vitamins is concentrated in special branches
The medical industry.
A priority of the medical industry is
Creation and manufacture new a/b, rendering protivovirusnoe,
Antibacterial, antifungoid and antineoplastic action.
Besides the special attention is given increase in release
Effective means of preventive maintenance and treatment cardiovascular
Diseases.
Manufacture assortment of medical products extends in
New medicinal forms (layer tablets and drops, different
The capsules, special forms for children) and packings (an ointment in tubas,
Aerosols in cylinders, packings from polymeric, etc. materials and
Etc.)
Alongside with a large-scale farmaceutical industry
Pharmaceutical factories which concern to develop
To chemist's managements also are engaged in release galenovyh preparations
(tinctures, extracts) for which manufacture, it is required
Rather simple equipment.
Pharmaceutical factories are constructed by a shop principle, usually
They have 4 producing departments:
galenovyj; 2) tabletochnyj; 3) ampulnyj; 4) packing.
In galenovom manufacture of extracts is concentrated shop and
Tinctures, and also novogalenovyh preparations, biogenic
Stimulators, etc. In this shop it is made ekstragirovanie
Vegetative raw material various methods (matseratsija, perkoljatsija,
Circulation, etc.), operations on division of liquid and firm phases
(upholding, filtering, pressing) otgonka spirit and others
ekstragentov, evaporation, drying under vacuum, dissolution,
Mixture, etc.
In tabletochnom shop the tablets representing are produced
Pressed poroshkoobraznye mixes the Basic industrial
Operations in this shop - crushing of initial substances, mixture,
granulirovanie of weight and tabletirovanie.
In ampulnom shop solutions in ampoules for injections are produced.
Here the production cycle develops of dissolution initial
Substances, kill of solutions, manufacturing of ampoules, their preparation
To accumulation (mojka, etc. operations), filling, zapajki,
Sterilization and etiketirovi.
In packing shop production, developed is packed up by a factory.
Job in shops is spent on branches (industrial
Sites), for example branch of ointments in galenovom shop. At factories
The specialized structure there can be such shops, as
plastyrnyj, suppozitornyj, etc. Factories of a narrow structure can be
One-shop, for example a factory, issued mustard plasters.
At each pharmaceutical factory, except for producing departments are available
Subsidiary shops and branches which serve the basic shops.
Here concern: boiler-house, kartonazhnaja workshop, warehouse
Premises, etc.
The special place borrows a department of the technological control at a factory,
(Quality Department), is carried out the control over all sites of manufacture and
sanktsionirujushchy release of finished goods from a factory.
The big pharmaceutical factories concern to a category
Large-lot productions. For them are characteristic application
A line method, maximal mechanical industrial
Processes and in some cases full automation of manufacture.
